As oil production has soared, so has the amount of associated gas produced alongside. However the capacity to capture and process this gas has not kept pace. The inability to utilise its gas riches means that the country's gas deficit has grown, and Iraq now relies on imports from Iran to meet increasing demand. For example, payment issues last summer led to Iran cutting exports, significantly exacerbating electricity shortages in Iraq during peak seasonal demand.
Power outages in Iraq remain a daily occurrence for most households, as increasing generating capacity has been outrun by the increasing demand for electricity, spurred by greater cooling needs in the peak summer months. Over the past five years, the size of the gap between peak electricity demand and maximum grid supply of power has expanded, despite available supply increasing by one-third. Alleviating the power shortages at the height of summer remains one of the most important priorities of the Iraqi government.
Here, there is room for cautious optimism, as a number of options are available to help remedy the immediate shortfalls. For example, consumers should be encouraged to shift non-essential demand away from peak hours, enabling more households to have cooling during the hottest parts of the day. Improving networks could also provide immediate gains. This would involve identifying the weakest parts of the grid, and concentrating efforts on improving the state of the distribution network.
The losses in the Iraqi system are around 40 TWh, four times the total neighbourhood generation in Iraq — addressing this could boost supply quickly.
There are also options with increase available capacity by increasing the number of small generators and larger mobile generators both oil-based that can be put in place quickly and can help alleviate the most intense shorages. There are a number of pathways available for the future of electricity supply in Iraq but the most affordable, reliable and sustainable path requires cutting network losses by half at least, strengthening regional interconnections, putting captured gas to use in efficient power plants, and increasing the share of renewables in the mix.
In the long term, all options are available to improve the situation in the power sector. Where measures are taken to both curb demand and increase available capacity, Iraq could establish a capacity margin by where available capacity exceeds peak demand.
At that point, grid supply would be available to most consumers 24 hours per day. Thank you for subscribing. You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking the link at the bottom of any IEA newsletter. Canada Energy Policy Review. It will take only 2 minutes to fill in.
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Independent report The Report of the Iraq Inquiry. Request an accessible format. If you use assistive technology such as a screen reader and need a version of this document in a more accessible format, please email publiccorrespondence cabinetoffice.
Please tell us what format you need. It will help us if you say what assistive technology you use. This is a print-ready version of the report of the Iraq Inquiry. Published 6 July Explore the topic Government efficiency, transparency and accountability World locations Iraq.
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